PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.